USA: "Low-yield nuclear weapon" & "INF Range Ground-launched Missile System"

Wehrtechnik & Rüstung, Sicherheit und Verteidigung außerhalb Europas
theoderich
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Re: USA: "Low-yield nuclear weapon" & "INF Range Ground-launched Missile System"

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Eidgenössisches Departement für Verteidigung, Bevölkerungsschutz und Sport VBS

9. April 2019
Bericht zur Bedrohungslage und den Konsequenzen für den Schutz des Luftraums
Der vorliegende Bericht fokussiert auf die Bedrohungslage und deren Bezug zum Projekt Air2030. Er basiert auf der aktuellen Einschätzung der Lage durch den Nachrichtendienst des Bundes (NDB) und den Militärischen Nachrichtendienst (MND).
Die Aufkündigung des INF-Vertrags (Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces) ist ein Ausdruck für das gegenseitige Misstrauen und damit die schlechten Beziehungen zwischen Russland und den USA. Im Vorfeld dazu hatte Russland damit begonnen, seine Raketenbrigaden mit Marschflugkörpern auszurüsten, die die INF-Limiten verletzen. Nach der Annullierung des INF-Vertrags könnten die USA dazu übergehen, mit konventionellen Gefechtsköpfen bestückte Marschflugkörper in Europa zu stationieren. Dies würde wohl wiederum eine weitere Erhöhung des Marschflugkörperpotenzials auf russischer Seite nach sich ziehen. Auf lange Sicht wäre dann wiederum eine Stationierung ballistischer Lenkwaffen einer entsprechenden Reichweiten-kategorie nicht auszuschliessen.
https://www.ar.admin.ch/de/home.detail. ... 74878.html
theoderich
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Re: USA: "Low-yield nuclear weapon" & "INF Range Ground-launched Missile System"

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House appropriators target Trump’s nukes, INF treaty busting weapons
While both the Defense and Energy and Water subcommittees, the latter of which oversees the National Nuclear Security Administration, will face a full committee markup of their funding plans on Tuesday, the two subcommittees released funding documents Monday. In both documents, key parts of the Trump administration’s Nuclear Posture Review modernization plan take a hit.

Democrats, particularly House Armed Services Committee chair Rep. Adam Smith of Washington, have been vocal critics of the administration’s plan to stand up two new nuclear warheads: the W76-2, a new low-yield variant of the warhead used on the Navy’s Trident ballistic missile, and a future sea-launched nuclear cruise missile.

In both committees, the W76-2 suffered funding cuts. On the defense side, appropriators cut $19.6 million intended to support the W76-2. Meanwhile the energy subcommittee zeroed out NNSA’s $10 million funding for the warhead.

Those funding changes, if enacted, would have little impact on production of the warheads, which are expected to be largely completed in FY19. But the defense cut is more impactful, as that funding would support the fielding of the new weapons.

“In taking this funding, House appropriators are making it clear that they oppose the warhead and moving forward with deployment,” said Kingston Reif of the Arms Control Association. “And House authorizers appear poised to reinforce that message.”

Proposed funding for a study on how to move forward with the sea-launched cruise missile gets no funding from the energy subcommittee. However, the defense subcommittee supports a $5 million request for that study from the Navy — while noting that “the Committee is concerned with the potential costs and operational impacts of this potential additive acquisition program.”

Hence, it requires a report within 90 days that would provide an “estimated cost of a SLCM–N acquisition program, an estimate of the increased operational and security costs that would be imposed on the fleet by a SLCM–N, an assessment of whether possession of a SLCM–N by Navy submarines would affect access to overseas ports and facilities, and a description of the validated military requirement.”
With the U.S. formally withdrawing from the Intermediate Nuclear Forces (INF) treaty, the Pentagon is pursuing at least three ground-based systems that would have violated that agreement. However, the defense appropriations committee zeroes out the research and development funds for those systems.
https://www.defensenews.com/congress/20 ... g-weapons/


https://appropriations.house.gov/legisl ... e-activity
  • RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, TEST & EVAL, ARMY

    (Dollars in Thousands)
    • 104 Mobile Medium Range Missile
    Budget Request
    • 20,000
    Committee Recommended
    • ---
    Change from Request
    • -20,000
    EXPLANATION OF PROJECT LEVEL ADJUSTMENTS
    [In thousands of dollars]


    R-1
    • 104 MOBILE MEDIUM RANGE MISSILE
      Excess to need
    Budget Request
    • 20,000
    Committee Recommended
    • 0
      -20,000
    Change from Request
    • -20,000
    https://appropriations.house.gov/sites/ ... HR2968.pdf

https://appropriations.house.gov/energy ... e-activity
theoderich
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Re: USA: "Low-yield nuclear weapon" & "INF Range Ground-launched Missile System"

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Operational Fires (OpFires) Integrated Weapon System
The OpFires Integrated Weapon System task will be a three-phased effort to design, develop and flight test an end-to-end demonstration system enabling a novel ground-launched system for tactical weapons deployment.
https://www.fbo.gov/index?s=opportunity ... e&_cview=0
  • A. OpFires Program Background and Overview

    The United States ground-based forces are currently limited in effective range of surface-to-surface precision fires. The OpFires program seeks to provide operational/theater level commanders with flexible capabilities to strike time-sensitive targets while providing persistent standoff from unpredictable land-launch positions. This flexibility would restore combatant commander options in force deployment and employment, enabling adaptable engagement at extended ranges.

    The overarching goal of the OpFires program is to develop and demonstrate a novel ground-launched system enabling hypersonic boost-glide weapons to penetrate modern enemy air defenses and rapidly and precisely engage critical time-sensitive targets. Specific capability objectives for the OpFires system and components are in the classified annex to this BAA. DARPA-CG-969 Rev. 1 provides instructions and guidelines on the classification/declassification of information and material associated with the OpFires program. Instructions for requesting the Classification Guide and classified annex are in Section IV., Application and Submission Information.

    The OpFires program includes three main elements:

    (1) This Integrated Weapon System BAA, referred to as Phase 3, focused on developing an operational system design and leveraging the innovative propulsion solutions under development in the Propulsion System task. This design will inform a prototype missile system suitable for integrated flight testing to demonstrate the end-to-end OpFires system. Proposals submitted for this effort must address the full scope of the program described herein.

    (2) The ongoing Propulsion System task, referred to as Phases 1 and 2, which is developing innovative propulsion solutions for an advanced tactical weapon system. Government Furnished Information (GFI) resulting from this effort may be provided to OpFires Integrated Weapon System task awardees.

    (3) A completed study to inform system and launcher characteristics. Details may be found in the classified annex to this BAA.

    For clarity and consistency, the OpFires program will use the following system and component definitions:
    • Payload – the hardware that will separate from the booster and execute the flight to target;
    • Booster – all propulsion associated hardware that is launched from the ground vehicle including: control actuator system (CAS), the rocket motor/engine(s), interstage hardware, nozzles and separation systems. Does not include the shroud or payload;
    • Missile – payload, booster, shroud (nose fairing);
    • Canister – assembly/launch tube to protect the missile during transport and storage;
    • All Up Round (AUR) – missile and any other hardware that is launched from the ground vehicle, when packaged in its canister;
    • Control Actuator System – the associated hardware that controls the flight of the vehicle. Can be applied to the missile, booster, or payload;
    • Launch Platform – Ground vehicle or trailer and associated interface hardware from which the missile will be launched.
theoderich
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Re: USA: "Low-yield nuclear weapon" & "INF Range Ground-launched Missile System"

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Nuclear weapons: experts alarmed by new Pentagon 'war-fighting' doctrine
The Pentagon believes using nuclear weapons could “create conditions for decisive results and the restoration of strategic stability”, according to a new nuclear doctrine adopted by the US joint chiefs of staff last week.

The document, entitled Nuclear Operations, was published on 11 June, and was the first such doctrine paper for 14 years. Arms control experts say it marks a shift in US military thinking towards the idea of fighting and winning a nuclear war – which they believe is a highly dangerous mindset.

“Using nuclear weapons could create conditions for decisive results and the restoration of strategic stability,” the joint chiefs’ document says. “Specifically, the use of a nuclear weapon will fundamentally change the scope of a battle and create conditions that affect how commanders will prevail in conflict.”
The Nuclear Operations document was taken down from the Pentagon online site after a week, and is now only available through a restricted access electronic library. But before it was withdrawn it was downloaded by Steven Aftergood, who directs the project on government secrecy for the Federation of American Scientists.

A spokesman for the joint chiefs of staff said the document was removed from the publicly accessible defence department website “because it was determined that this publication, as is with other joint staff publications, should be for official use only”.

In an emailed statement the spokesman did not say why the document was on the public website for the first week after publication.
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/ ... y-doctrine
theoderich
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Re: USA: "Low-yield nuclear weapon" & "INF Range Ground-launched Missile System"

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https://www.facebook.com/mod.mil.rus/vi ... &__tn__=-R

Es wird kein Abschuss gezeigt und es ist auch ausgehend vom Startbehälter nicht ersichtlich, ob es sich hier um 9M728 oder 9M729 handelt. Wahrscheinlich handelt es sich um die längere Zeit bekannte Iskander-M:

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https://www.facebook.com/mod.mil.rus/po ... 552589090/

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https://www.facebook.com/mod.mil.rus/po ... 784074467/

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https://eng.mil.ru/en/structure/forces/ ... otoGallery
theoderich
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Re: USA: "Low-yield nuclear weapon" & "INF Range Ground-launched Missile System"

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Приостановлено действие Договора между СССР и США о ликвидации их ракет средней дальности и меньшей дальности

http://kremlin.ru/acts/news/60911


Russland offiziell aus INF-Abrüstungsvertrag ausgestiegen

https://orf.at/#/stories/3129011/
theoderich
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Re: USA: "Low-yield nuclear weapon" & "INF Range Ground-launched Missile System"

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U.S. Withdrawal from the INF Treaty on August 2, 2019
On February 2, 2019, the United States provided its six-month notice of withdrawal from the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty due to the Russian Federation’s continuing violation of the treaty.

The U.S. withdrawal pursuant to Article XV of the treaty takes effect today because Russia failed to return to full and verified compliance through the destruction of its noncompliant missile system—the SSC-8 or 9M729 ground-launched, intermediate-range cruise missile.

Russia is solely responsible for the treaty’s demise. Dating back to at least the mid-2000s, Russia developed, produced, flight tested, and has now fielded multiple battalions of its noncompliant missile. The United States first raised its concerns with Russia in 2013. Russia subsequently and systematically rebuffed six years of U.S. efforts seeking Russia’s return to compliance. With the full support of our NATO Allies, the United States has determined Russia to be in material breach of the treaty, and has subsequently suspended our obligations under the treaty. Over the past six months, the United States provided Russia a final opportunity to correct its noncompliance. As it has for many years, Russia chose to keep its noncompliant missile rather than going back into compliance with its treaty obligations.

The United States will not remain party to a treaty that is deliberately violated by Russia. Russia’s noncompliance under the treaty jeopardizes U.S. supreme interests as Russia’s development and fielding of a treaty-violating missile system represents a direct threat to the United States and our allies and partners. The United States greatly appreciates the steadfast cooperation and resolve NATO allies have shown in responding to Russia’s violation.

The United States remains committed to effective arms control that advances U.S., allied, and partner security; is verifiable and enforceable; and includes partners that comply responsibly with their obligations. President Trump has charged this Administration with beginning a new chapter by seeking a new era of arms control that moves beyond the bilateral treaties of the past. Going forward, the United States calls upon Russia and China to join us in this opportunity to deliver real security results to our nations and the entire world.
https://www.state.gov/u-s-withdrawal-fr ... st-2-2019/

Der letzte Absatz ist purer Zynismus.


U.S. Ends Cold War Missile Treaty, With Aim of Countering China
The United States on Friday terminated a major treaty of the Cold War, the Intermediate Nuclear Forces agreement, and it is already planning to start testing a new class of missiles later this summer.

But the new missiles are unlikely to be deployed to counter the treaty’s other nuclear power, Russia, which the United States has said for years was in violation of the accord. Instead, the first deployments are likely to be intended to counter China, which has amassed an imposing missile arsenal and is now seen as a much more formidable long-term strategic rival than Russia.
Until now, the Trump administration has held off on testing new missiles that would violate the treaty; under its terms, even testing is prohibited. But that stricture lifts on Friday, and the first test of new American intermediate-range missiles is likely to begin within weeks, according to American officials familiar with the Pentagon’s plans.

The first, perhaps as early as this month, is expected to be a test of a version of a common, sea-launched cruise missile, the Tomahawk. It would be modified to be fired from the ground. (The treaty prohibited intermediate-range ground-launched missiles, but not missiles launched from ships or airplanes.) If successful, officials say, the first ground-launched cruise missiles could be deployed within 18 months or so — if the United States can find a country willing to house them.

That would be followed by a test of a new mobile, ground-launched ballistic missile with a range of 1,800 to 2,500 miles, before the end of the year. But that would be an entirely new missile, and it is not likely to be deployed for another five years or so — meaning the very end of the Trump presidency, if he is re-elected.
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/08/01/worl ... reaty.html


Moskau: USA haben INF-Vertrag für beendet erklärt

https://orf.at/stories/3132392/


INF-Vertrag läuft aus: USA und Russland beschuldigen einander

https://orf.at/stories/3132397/







EVANS Dennis/Barry HANNAH/Jonathan SCHWALBE: Nonstrategic Nuclear Forces: Moving beyond the 2018 Nuclear Posture Review (Laurel 2019)

s.v. "Ground-Launched Theater Missiles", p. 25-27

https://www.jhuapl.edu/NewsPublications/Publications
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theoderich
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Re: USA: "Low-yield nuclear weapon" & "INF Range Ground-launched Missile System"

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Statement From Secretary of Defense Mark T. Esper on the INF Treaty
As stated by NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg today, NATO’s position is united and clear: Russia is in violation of the INF Treaty. The United States is not.

In light of Russia’s noncompliance, the Department of Defense commenced Treaty-compliant research and development activities beginning in 2017. The department’s initial research and development efforts focused on mobile, conventional, ground-launched cruise and ballistic missile systems. Because the United States scrupulously complied with its obligations to the INF Treaty, these programs are in the early stages. Now that we have withdrawn, the Department of Defense will fully pursue the development of these ground-launched conventional missiles as a prudent response to Russia’s actions and as part of the Joint Force’s broader portfolio of conventional strike options.

The United States will not remain a party to a treaty while Russia is in deliberate violation. The Department of Defense will work closely with our allies as we move forward in implementing the National Defense Strategy, protecting our national defense and building partner capacity.
https://dod.defense.gov/News/News-Relea ... nf-treaty/





Statement by the North Atlantic Council on the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty

https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/offi ... 168164.htm


Press point

by NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg on the INF Treaty

NATO will respond in a measured and responsible way to the significant risks posed by Russia’s SSC-8 system.

We have agreed a package of measures to ensure NATO’s deterrence and defence remains credible and effective.

But we will not rush implementation or make any rash moves. We will consider our options carefully.

We have decided to work on issues such as:
  • Exercises;
  • Intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance;
  • Air and missile defences;
  • And conventional capabilities.
  • We will also ensure our nuclear deterrent remains safe, secure and effective.


Some of these measures can be implemented quickly, and others will take time.

Everything we do will be balanced, coordinated and defensive.
We will not mirror what Russia does.

We do not want a new arms race.

And we have no intention to deploy new land-based nuclear missiles in Europe.

NATO continues to aspire for a constructive relationship with Russia, when Russia’s actions make that possible.
https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/opinions_168183.htm


Und neue taktische Nuklearwaffen sollen obendrein auch noch entwickelt werden:



Auch der "low-yield nuclear warhead" findet im Bericht Erwähnung:
With five warhead modernizations underway, DOE/NNSA is executing an unprecedented variety of complex component development and production work. Highlights of near-term and out-year mission milestones for the nuclear deterrent include:

[...]
  • Deliver the W76-2 initial operational capability warheads to the Navy.
To meet the emerging requirements of U.S. strategy, the United States will enhance the flexibility and range of its tailored deterrence options in a variety of ways:

[...]
  • Low-Yield Ballistic Missile Warhead. The 2018 Nuclear Posture Review recommended modifying a small number of existing submarine-launched ballistic missile warheads to provide a low-yield ballistic missile option. The low-yield ballistic missile warhead is a modification (Mod) of the existing W76-1 weapon system and is designated as the W76-2 by naming convention. The W76-2 provides a low-yield option capable of overcoming adversary air defenses. See Section 2.5.2 for details.
One new effort was a low-yield ballistic missile warhead (W76-2). With congressional authorization, DOE/NNSA successfully completed a W76-2 first production unit in February 2019.
2.5.2 W76-2 Modification Program

DOE/NNSA is supporting the low-yield ballistic missile from the 2018 Nuclear Posture Review through the W76-2 Modification Program. DOE/NNSA has received authorization through the Nuclear Weapons Council to proceed forward to the engineering development phase (and any subsequent phase) to modify or develop a low-yield nuclear warhead for submarine-launched ballistic missiles. DOE/NNSA also received congressional authorization through the John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act for FY 2019 (P.L. 115-232) and an appropriation through the Energy and Water, Legislative Branch, and Military Construction and Veterans Affairs Appropriations Act, 2019 (P.L. 115-244).

2.5.2.1 Accomplishments

Completed production of the W76-2’s first production unit in February 2019

2.5.2.2 Status

DOE/NNSA’s laboratories and plants performed program planning activities related to scope, schedule, cost, and risk elements similar to activities typically accomplished during Phases 6.1 and 6.2/2A. These activities were completed in preparation for receipt of Nuclear Weapons Council authorization to proceed to the engineering development phase and subsequent phases. The DOE/NNSA laboratories and plants executed a compressed Phase 6.3 through 6.5 process and achieved the warhead first production unit in February 2019.
theoderich
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Re: USA: "Low-yield nuclear weapon" & "INF Range Ground-launched Missile System"

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Nach Aus von INF-Vertrag: USA testen Marschflugkörper

https://orf.at/#/stories/3134237/


DOD Conducts Ground Launch Cruise Missile Test

Bild
On Sunday, August 18, 2019 at 2:30 p.m. Pacific Daylight Time, the Department of Defense conducted a flight test of a conventionally-configured ground-launched cruise missile at San Nicolas Island, California. The test missile exited its ground mobile launcher and accurately impacted its target after more than 500 kilometers of flight. Data collected and lessons learned from this test will inform the Department of Defense's development of future intermediate-range capabilities.
https://www.defense.gov/Newsroom/Releas ... sile-test/
Naval Launchers and Munitions

https://www.lockheedmartin.com/en-us/pr ... tions.html
  • MK 41 VLS is currently deployed in 13 different configurations, ranging from a single module with eight-cells to 16 modules with 122-cells. The basic module is available in three sizes: Strike, Tactical and Self-Defense. The Strike module is approximately 25 feet (7.6 meters) long and capable of launching the largest missiles such as those that support sea-based midcourse ballistic missile defense and long-range strike. The Tactical module is
    approximately 22 feet (6.7 meters) Long and capable of accommodating the same missile types as the Strike, except for the Tomahawk land attack cruise missile and those missiles designed for a SMD role.
    https://www.lockheedmartin.com/content/ ... tsheet.pdf
Vertical Launching System (VLS) Mk41

https://www.baesystems.com/en/product/v ... m-vls-mk41

The SM-3 Block IIA is the most recent iteration of the Raytheon's SM-3 family. It is required for implementation of phase 3 of the Obama administration's European Phased Adaptive Approach (EPAA) for the defense of most of Europe and the East Coast of the U.S. from a possible Iranian ballistic missile attack. SM-3 IIA, which will be ship- and ground-launched, is slated for operational use in 2018 in accordance with the EPAA plan to incrementally expand defenses in and around Europe.

While the SM-3 Block IAs and IBs are now used on the U.S. Navy ships as a guard against regional ballistic missiles, the IIA, co-developed with the government of Japan and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI), will introduce a newer, more powerful Propulsion System. The SM-3 IA, IB and IIA each have a 21-in. first stage, but the IIA will incorporate 21-in. second and third stages as well. The earlier models have only 14-in. diameters for these elements.
http://aviationweek.com/defense/raytheo ... iia-builds

Tomahawk Cruise Missile
Length: 20.3 feet; with booster: 20 feet 6 inches (6.25 meters).
Diameter: 21 inches
https://www.navy.mil/navydata/fact_disp ... =1300&ct=2


P.S.: Eine erste Konzeptzeichnung der geplanten Long Range Hypersonic Weapon:

https://smdsymposium.org/wp-content/upl ... -RCCTO.pdf

https://smdsymposium.org/wp-content/upl ... -RCCTO.pdf

Oshkosh M983A4

https://oshkoshdefense.com/vehicles/m98 ... t-tractor/
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